Worksheet Chapter 5: Consumer and Industrial Chemistry

1. Describe the cleansing action of soap on a greasy stain on cloth in water, mentioning the roles of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts.

2. True or False: Detergents react with calcium and magnesium ions in hard water to form an insoluble precipitate known as scum.

3. Differentiate between saturated fats and unsaturated fats based on source, carbon-carbon bond type, and physical state at room temperature.

4. Which of the following food additives functions to prevent the oxidation of fats and oils in fried foods?

5. State the two primary reactants required in the saponification process to manufacture soap.

6. Fill in the blank: The industrial process of converting vegetable oil into solid margarine using hydrogen gas and a nickel catalyst is called ________.

7. True or False: Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice that conducts electricity better than copper.

8. Classify the following medical substances into their correct functional groups and state one precaution or risk for each: (a) Aspirin, (b) Penicillin.

9. Industrial factory effluent contains oil, toxic organic compounds, and heavy metal ions. Describe how Green Technology electrocoagulation treatment cleanses this wastewater before discharge into rivers.

10. Explain briefly why a patient must complete the full prescribed duration of an antibiotic treatment.