Worksheet Chapter 2: Ecosystem

1. Uncontrolled deforestation is occurring in a tropical rainforest. Analyze FOUR negative environmental impacts this activity has on local ecosystems and global nutrient cycles.

2. Define the terms (a) Population and (b) Community in an ecosystem context.

3. State TWO biological processes that release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and ONE process that removes it.

4. Fill in the blank: The process where plants release water vapor through stomata into the atmosphere is called ________.

5. Explain TWO key reasons why energy decreases continuously as it moves up successive trophic levels in a food pyramid.

6. An oil palm planter suffers major crop losses due to rat infestation. (a) Suggest a biological control method to solve this problem. (b) State TWO advantages of this method over chemical rat poisons.

7. True or False: Biological control uses natural predators or parasites to regulate pest numbers without synthetic chemicals.

8. Which pair of organisms demonstrates a mutualistic relationship?

9. A simple food chain is given as: Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake. (a) Identify the primary consumer. (b) Explain what happens to the frog population if a disease wipes out all grasshoppers.

10. True or False: In a food chain, approximately 90% of energy is passed to the next trophic level.