10 questions · Form 5 Physics Bab 1: Force and Motion II
Two identical springs with spring constant k are connected in series. How does the extension of the series system compare to a single spring under the same load F?
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1. Two identical springs with spring constant k are connected in series. How does the extension of the series system compare to a single spring under the same load F?
Answer: B
In series, each spring experiences full load F and extends by x. Total extension xtotal = x + x = 2x (double).
2. A block of mass 5 kg rests on a frictionless 30° inclined plane. What magnitude of force applied parallel to the incline is required to keep it stationary? (g = 9.81 m s⁻²)
Answer: B
Component of weight pulling down slope = mg sin(30°) = 5 × 9.81 × 0.5 = 24.525 N ≈ 24.53 N. An equal and opposite force maintains equilibrium.
3. A car of mass 1000 kg accelerates at 2.5 m s⁻² along a flat road. If resistive friction forces total 500 N, what driving force is produced by the engine?
Answer: B
Resultant Force F = ma => F_engine - F_friction = 1000 × 2.5 => F_engine - 500 = 2500 => F_engine = 3000 N.
4. A person of mass 60 kg stands on a weighing scale inside an elevator moving downwards with an acceleration of 2 m s⁻². Taking g = 9.81 m s⁻², what is the reading on the scale?
Answer: C
When accelerating downwards, mg - R = ma => R = m(g - a) = 60(9.81 - 2) = 60(7.81) = 468.6 N.
5. Two forces of 6 N and 8 N act at a right angle (90°) to each other on a particle. What is the magnitude of the resultant force?
Answer: B
Using Pythagoras' Theorem: F = √(6² + 8²) = √(36 + 64) = √100 = 10 N.
6. A force of 50 N is applied to pull a box at an angle of 30° to the horizontal ground. What is the horizontal component of this force?
Answer: C
Horizontal component Fx = F cos(θ) = 50 × cos(30°) = 50 × 0.866 = 43.3 N.
7. Two identical springs, each with a spring constant k = 200 N m⁻¹, are connected in parallel. What is the effective spring constant of the combined system?
Answer: B
For parallel arrangements, keff = k1 + k2 = 200 + 200 = 400 N m⁻¹.
8. A boat is pulled along a canal by two ropes. Rope A exerts a force of 300 N at 20° north of east. Rope B exerts a force of 300 N at 20° south of east. What is the net force pulling the boat directly east?
Answer: A
Vertical components cancel out (300 sin 20° = 300 sin 20°). Total horizontal force = 2 × 300 cos(20°) = 600 × 0.9397 = 563.8 N.
9. Why is it easier to pull a lawn mower than to push it across a rough lawn?
Answer: C
Pulling applies a force with an upward vertical component (F sin θ), reducing the net vertical reaction force R = W - F sin θ, which decreases friction.
10. Which change increases the stiffness (spring constant k) of a steel helical spring?
Answer: C
A smaller coil diameter increases the stiffness and spring constant k of the spring.