Quiz Chapter 9: Ecosystem

1. Which assumption is CRITICAL for obtaining valid results in the Capture-Mark-Release-Recapture method?

1. Marked animals must attract more predators
2. The population experiences high immigration and birth rates during the study period
3. The marking method does not restrict movement or survival of the animal
4. Marked animals remain isolated from unmarked animals

2. What distinguishes secondary succession from primary succession?

1. Secondary succession begins on bare rock without soil
2. Secondary succession occurs in areas where soil remains intact after a disturbance
3. Secondary succession takes thousands of years longer than primary succession
4. Secondary succession does not involve biotic components

3. What type of symbiotic relationship exists between clownfish and sea anemones, where both species derive mutual protection and benefit?

1. Commensalism
2. Parasitism
3. Mutualism
4. Saprophytism

4. Remora fish attach themselves to sharks to feed on food scraps without harming or benefiting the shark. What type of relationship is this?

1. Mutualism
2. Parasitism
3. Commensalism
4. Predation

5. A student captured 40 snails in a school garden, marked their shells with waterproof paint, and released them. A week later, 30 snails were captured, of which 6 were marked. What is the estimated population size of snails?

1. 200
2. 240
3. 120
4. 180

6. Which term describes a group of organisms of the same species living in the same habitat at the same time?

1. Community
2. Population
3. Ecosystem
4. Niche

7. Two male stags fighting aggressively for territory and mating rights in the same forest exhibit which type of interaction?

1. Interspecific competition
2. Intraspecific competition
3. Predation
4. Parasitism

8. What happens to species diversity as ecological succession progresses toward a climax community?

1. Species diversity decreases steadily to zero
2. Species diversity remains entirely unchanged
3. Species diversity increases and structural complexity stabilizes
4. Only pioneer species survive

9. Which organism functions as a decomposer in a forest ecosystem?

1. Green algae
2. Saprophytic mushroom
3. Herbivorous caterpillar
4. Carnivorous hawk

10. Rafflesia sp. grows on the roots of Tetrastigma vines, absorbing water and nutrients directly from the vine's vascular tissues and causing it harm. What relationship is this?

1. Parasitism
2. Mutualism
3. Commensalism
4. Predation