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Quiz Chapter 13: Genetic Technology

10 questions ยท Form 5 Biology Bab 13: Genetic Technology

Question 1 of 10Score: 0

What primary nutrient improvement was engineered into 'Golden Rice'?

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. What primary nutrient improvement was engineered into 'Golden Rice'?

  1. Vitamin C synthesis genes
  2. Beta-carotene (Vitamin A precursor) synthesis genes
  3. Insecticidal Bt toxin proteins
  4. Herbicide resistance enzymes
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Answer: B

Golden Rice is genetically engineered with genes that synthesize beta-carotene to combat Vitamin A deficiency.

2. Which vector is commonly used to carry foreign target genes into host bacterial cells during recombinant DNA technology?

  1. Bacterial ribosome
  2. Bacterial plasmid
  3. Mitochondrial matrix
  4. Golgi apparatus
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Answer: B

Bacterial plasmids are small, circular self-replicating DNA molecules ideal for acting as vectors.

3. What term describes organisms containing functioning foreign genes transferred from another species?

  1. Polyploid organisms
  2. Transgenic organisms
  3. Homozygous organisms
  4. Mutated haploid organisms
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Answer: B

Transgenic organisms are genetically modified organisms (GMOs) that contain genes integrated from different species.

4. Which enzyme functions as 'molecular scissors' to cut DNA at specific base recognition sequences during genetic engineering?

  1. DNA Polymerase
  2. Restriction Enzyme
  3. DNA Ligase
  4. RNA Polymerase
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Answer: B

Restriction enzymes cut double-stranded DNA at specific recognition sites, generating sticky or blunt ends.

5. Which genetic condition was among the first treated experimentally using gene therapy?

  1. Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)
  2. Down syndrome
  3. Klinefelter syndrome
  4. Turner syndrome
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Answer: A

SCID (caused by adenosine deaminase deficiency) was one of the first genetic disorders targeted with gene therapy.

6. Why is human insulin produced via recombinant DNA technology superior to insulin extracted from pig or cow pancreases?

  1. It is cheaper to extract from animal tissue
  2. It is structurally identical to human insulin, reducing allergic immune responses in diabetic patients
  3. It acts twice as slowly in lowering blood glucose levels
  4. It contains plant carotenoids that boost eye health
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Answer: B

Recombinant human insulin matches human amino acid sequences exactly, preventing allergic side effects seen with animal insulins.

7. What genetic modification gives Bt corn crops protection against European corn borer insect pests?

  1. Insertion of genes coding for Bt crystal endotoxin proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis
  2. Enhancement of plant photosynthetic pigments
  3. Introduction of glyphosate herbicide resistance genes
  4. Inhibition of plant root cell division
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Answer: A

Bt crops produce Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxins that are lethal to specific crop pest insects upon ingestion.

8. Which molecular technique is used to amplify minute quantities of DNA collected from a crime scene?

  1. Gel Electrophoresis
  2. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
  3. Western Blotting
  4. Anaerobic Digestion
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Answer: B

PCR exponentially amplifies small quantities of target DNA samples into millions of identical copies within hours.

9. Which field of study evaluates the ethical, legal, and social implications of genetic technology and biotechnology?

  1. Bioinformatics
  2. Bioethics
  3. Biochemistry
  4. Biodiversity
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Answer: B

Bioethics examines moral issues, safety concerns, and societal impacts arising from biological advances.

10. Which process uses specialized biological agents like bacteria to clean up environmental pollutants like oil spills?

  1. Biomagnification
  2. Bioremediation
  3. Eutrophication
  4. Bioaccumulation
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Answer: B

Bioremediation uses microorganisms or plants to degrade toxic environmental contaminants into non-toxic substances.

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