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Quiz Chapter 1: Organisation of Plant Tissues and Growth

10 questions ยท Form 5 Biology Bab 1: Organisation of Plant Tissues and Growth

Question 1 of 10Score: 0

A biannual plant is in its second year of growth. What main physiological process dominates this phase?

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. A biannual plant is in its second year of growth. What main physiological process dominates this phase?

  1. Initial seed germination and root system development
  2. Vegetative growth and leaf production only
  3. Flowering, fruit production, and seed dispersal
  4. Secondary cork cambium formation in roots
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Answer: C

In biannual plants, year 1 is dedicated to vegetative growth, while year 2 focuses on reproductive development (flowering and seed production).

2. What causes the epidermis of a woody stem to rupture during secondary growth?

  1. Inward accumulation of primary parenchyma tissue
  2. Rapid outward accumulation of secondary xylem and phloem expanding stem diameter
  3. Excessive water absorption by root hairs during spring
  4. Breakdown of suberin layers in cork cells
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Answer: B

The continuous inward formation of secondary xylem exerts outward pressure, stretching and eventually rupturing the primary dermal epidermis.

3. In which zone of apical meristem growth does cell expansion occur due to water intake via osmosis?

  1. Zone of cell differentiation
  2. Zone of cell division
  3. Zone of cell elongation
  4. Zone of cork formation
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Answer: C

In the zone of cell elongation, cells absorb water into their vacuoles by osmosis, causing substantial cell expansion.

4. Which statement correctly distinguishes primary growth from secondary growth?

  1. Primary growth increases plant girth, while secondary growth increases plant length.
  2. Primary growth occurs only in woody dicots, while secondary growth occurs in all plants.
  3. Primary growth arises from apical meristems, whereas secondary growth arises from lateral meristems.
  4. Primary growth forms cork and secondary phloem, whereas secondary growth forms epidermis.
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Answer: C

Primary growth originates from apical meristems (increasing length), while secondary growth originates from lateral meristems (increasing girth).

5. What is the primary function of sieve plates in phloem tissue?

  1. To prevent water loss through transpiration pull
  2. To allow continuous flow of sucrose and amino acids through sieve tubes
  3. To anchor companion cells securely to xylem vessels
  4. To synthesize ATP for active transport across root hairs
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Answer: B

Sieve plates are perforated end walls in sieve tube elements that allow organic nutrients to flow freely during translocation.

6. In the sigmoid growth curve, what phase is characterized by a rapid increase in cell division and expansion rate?

  1. Lag phase
  2. Decelerating phase
  3. Exponential phase
  4. Stationary phase
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Answer: C

The exponential (log) phase represents the period of most rapid growth where cell division and elongation occur at maximum speed.

7. Why does autumnwood appear darker and denser than springwood in tree annual rings?

  1. Vessels are larger with thin cell walls due to abundant rainfall
  2. Xylem vessels formed are narrow with thick lignified walls due to drier conditions
  3. Phloem cells accumulate suberin during cold weather
  4. Vascular cambium stops cell division completely during autumn
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Answer: B

During autumn/summer with reduced water supply, cambium produces smaller xylem vessels with thicker walls, appearing as a dark ring.

8. Which tissue consists of living cells with unevenly thickened primary cell walls containing pectin and cellulose?

  1. Sclerenchyma tissue
  2. Collenchyma tissue
  3. Parenchyma tissue
  4. Xylem vessel element
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Answer: B

Collenchyma tissue features unevenly thickened walls reinforced with cellulose and pectin to provide flexible mechanical support to young plants.

9. Which meristematic tissue is directly responsible for increasing the girth (diameter) of woody stems?

  1. Apical meristem
  2. Lateral meristem
  3. Intercalary meristem
  4. Root cap meristem
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Answer: B

Lateral meristems (vascular cambium and cork cambium) drive secondary growth, expanding the stem's girth.

10. What waterproof substance is deposited in cork cells during secondary growth to form bark?

  1. Lignin
  2. Pectin
  3. Suberin
  4. Cellulose
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Answer: C

Cork cells formed by the cork cambium accumulate suberin, a waxy waterproof compound that protects inner stem tissues.

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