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Quiz Chapter 1: Organisation of Plant Tissues and Growth

10 questions · Form 5 Biology Bab 1: Organisation of Plant Tissues and Growth

10 questions · plays in fullscreen

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. During secondary growth in eudicot stems, what tissue is produced toward the INSIDE of the vascular cambium?

  1. Primary phloem
  2. Cork cambium
  3. Secondary xylem
  4. Secondary phloem
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Answer: C

The vascular cambium divides inward to produce secondary xylem (wood) and outward to produce secondary phloem.

2. What is the primary function of guard cells located in leaf epidermal tissue?

  1. Synthesizing secondary xylem during drought conditions
  2. Regulating stomatal opening and closing for transpiration and gas exchange
  3. Providing rigid structural support to spongy mesophyll
  4. Absorbing water directly from atmospheric humidity
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Answer: B

Guard cells are specialized epidermal cells that alter their turgidity to open or close stomata, controlling gas exchange and water loss.

3. Which meristematic tissue is directly responsible for increasing the girth (diameter) of woody stems?

  1. Apical meristem
  2. Lateral meristem
  3. Intercalary meristem
  4. Root cap meristem
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Answer: B

Lateral meristems (vascular cambium and cork cambium) drive secondary growth, expanding the stem's girth.

4. A biannual plant is in its second year of growth. What main physiological process dominates this phase?

  1. Initial seed germination and root system development
  2. Vegetative growth and leaf production only
  3. Flowering, fruit production, and seed dispersal
  4. Secondary cork cambium formation in roots
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Answer: C

In biannual plants, year 1 is dedicated to vegetative growth, while year 2 focuses on reproductive development (flowering and seed production).

5. What causes the epidermis of a woody stem to rupture during secondary growth?

  1. Inward accumulation of primary parenchyma tissue
  2. Rapid outward accumulation of secondary xylem and phloem expanding stem diameter
  3. Excessive water absorption by root hairs during spring
  4. Breakdown of suberin layers in cork cells
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Answer: B

The continuous inward formation of secondary xylem exerts outward pressure, stretching and eventually rupturing the primary dermal epidermis.

6. What structural feature characterizes sclerenchyma cells at functional maturity?

  1. Thickened secondary walls with lignin and dead at maturity
  2. Thin primary cell walls with prominent central vacuoles
  3. Perforated end plates containing cytoplasm
  4. Active cell division capability via mitosis
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Answer: A

Sclerenchyma cells possess secondary cell walls heavily lignified with lignin and lose their protoplasm at maturity, becoming non-living structural units.

7. Which permanent tissue plays the primary role in photosynthesis, starch storage, and wound healing in plants?

  1. Collenchyma tissue
  2. Parenchyma tissue
  3. Sclerenchyma tissue
  4. Epidermal tissue
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Answer: B

Parenchyma tissue consists of versatile, thin-walled living cells responsible for metabolic processes, storage, and tissue repair.

8. What is the primary function of companion cells in phloem vascular tissue?

  1. Providing metabolic support and ATP to mature sieve tube elements
  2. Conducting water upwards through capillary action
  3. Storing excess starch granules in root parenchyma
  4. Secretory protection against herbivore consumption
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Answer: A

Sieve tube cells lack nuclei at maturity and rely on companion cells packed with mitochondria to supply metabolic energy (ATP) for translocation.

9. In the sigmoid growth curve, what phase is characterized by a rapid increase in cell division and expansion rate?

  1. Lag phase
  2. Decelerating phase
  3. Exponential phase
  4. Stationary phase
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Answer: C

The exponential (log) phase represents the period of most rapid growth where cell division and elongation occur at maximum speed.

10. Which statement correctly distinguishes primary growth from secondary growth?

  1. Primary growth increases plant girth, while secondary growth increases plant length.
  2. Primary growth occurs only in woody dicots, while secondary growth occurs in all plants.
  3. Primary growth arises from apical meristems, whereas secondary growth arises from lateral meristems.
  4. Primary growth forms cork and secondary phloem, whereas secondary growth forms epidermis.
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Answer: C

Primary growth originates from apical meristems (increasing length), while secondary growth originates from lateral meristems (increasing girth).

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