10 questions · Form 4 Physics Bab 4: Heat
Which graph correctly represents Boyle's Law for an ideal gas at constant temperature?
Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.
1. Which graph correctly represents Boyle's Law for an ideal gas at constant temperature?
Answer: B
Since P ∝ 1V, a graph of P versus 1V yields a straight line passing through the origin.
2. According to the kinetic theory of gases, what happens to gas molecules when the temperature of the gas increases?
Answer: A
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules. Increasing temperature speeds up molecular motion.
3. Why does the temperature of ice remain constant at 0°C while it is melting?
Answer: B
During a phase change, heat absorbed (latent heat) is used to overcome intermolecular forces of attraction. Average kinetic energy does not increase, keeping temperature constant.
4. Why is water used as a coolant agent in car engine radiators?
Answer: C
Water's high specific heat capacity (4200 J kg-1 °C-1 allows it to absorb a large amount of heat energy from the engine with only a small rise in temperature.
5. What condition must be fulfilled for two objects in thermal contact to achieve thermal equilibrium?
Answer: B
At thermal equilibrium, heat still transfers in both directions, but the net rate of heat transfer is zero because both objects are at the same temperature.
6. A fixed mass of gas in a rigid container has a pressure of 1.2 × 105 Pa at 27°C. What will its pressure be at 127°C?
Answer: A
Convert temperatures to Kelvin: T1 = 27 + 273 = 300 K; T2 = 127 + 273 = 400 K. P1 / T1 = P2 / T2 => 1.2 × 105300 = P2 / 400 => P2 = 1.6 × 105 Pa.
7. What variable is kept constant in Gay-Lussac's Law?
Answer: D
Gay-Lussac's Law investigates the relationship between pressure and temperature for a fixed mass of gas at constant volume.
8. A trapped gas in a cylinder has a volume of 0.04 m³ at a pressure of 100 kPa. If the gas is compressed at constant temperature to a volume of 0.01 m³, what is the new pressure?
Answer: C
P1 V1 = P2 V2 => 100 × 0.04 = P2 × 0.01 => P2 = 40.01 = 400 kPa.
9. An electric heater rated at 500 W takes 4 minutes to melt 0.5 kg of ice at 0°C. Calculate the specific latent heat of fusion of ice.
Answer: A
Q = P t = 500 × (4 × 60) = 120 000 J. Q = m l_f => l_f = 120 0000.5 = 240 000 J kg-1 = 2.4 × 105 J kg-1.
10. Which law states that for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, pressure is inversely proportional to volume?
Answer: C
Boyle's Law describes the pressure-volume relationship at constant temperature: P ∝ 1V (P1 V1 = P2 V2).