10 questions · Form 4 Chemistry Bab 3: The Mole Concept, Chemical Formulae and Equations
What is the number of moles of nitrate ions, NO3-, in 0.2 mol of aluminium nitrate, Al(NO3)3?
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1. What is the number of moles of nitrate ions, NO3-, in 0.2 mol of aluminium nitrate, Al(NO3)3?
Answer: C
1 mol Al(NO3)3 dissociates to produce 3 mol NO3- ions. Moles NO3- = 0.2 × 3 = 0.6 mol.
2. What is the volume occupied by 0.2 mol of carbon dioxide gas at room conditions? [Molar volume = 24 dm3 mol-1 at room conditions]
Answer: A
Volume = moles × molar volume = 0.2 mol × 24 dm3 mol-1 = 4.8 dm3.
3. Which method is most appropriate to experimentally determine the empirical formula of copper(II) oxide?
Answer: B
Copper is less reactive than hydrogen, so dry hydrogen gas reduces heated copper(II) oxide to copper metal.
4. What mass of magnesium is required to produce 11.2 dm3 of hydrogen gas at STP when reacted with excess hydrochloric acid? [Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2] [RAM: Mg=24; Molar volume at STP = 22.4 dm3 mol-1]
Answer: A
Moles H2 = 11.222.4 = 0.5 mol. Mole ratio Mg:H2 = 1:1, so moles Mg = 0.5 mol. Mass Mg = 0.5 × 24 = 12 g.
5. The empirical formula of a hydrocarbon is CH2 and its molar mass is 56 g mol-1. What is its molecular formula? [RAM: C=12, H=1]
Answer: C
Empirical formula mass = 12 + 2(1) = 14. n = 5614 = 4. Molecular formula = (CH2)4 = C4H8.
6. Which definition correctly describes the empirical formula of a chemical compound?
Answer: C
Empirical formula is strictly defined as the simplest whole-number atomic ratio of constituent elements.
7. How many atoms are present in 0.5 moles of helium gas? [Avogadro constant, Na = 6.02 × 1023 mol-1]
Answer: B
Helium is a monatomic gas. Number of atoms = 0.5 × 6.02 × 1023 = 3.01 × 1023.
8. Which isotope is used as the international standard reference for relative atomic mass scale?
Answer: B
Carbon-12 is assigned a relative atomic mass of exactly 12.000 and serves as the primary standard.
9. What is the relative molecular mass (Mr) of hydrated copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4.5H2O? [Relative atomic mass: Cu=64, S=32, O=16, H=1]
Answer: C
Mr = 64 + 32 + (4 × 16) + 5[(2 × 1) + 16] = 160 + 5(18) = 160 + 90 = 250.
10. A container contains 3.01 × 1023 molecules of water, H2O. What is the mass of the water sample? [RAM: H=1, O=16; Avogadro constant = 6.02 × 1023 mol-1]
Answer: B
Moles H2O = 3.01 × 10236.02 × 1023 = 0.5 mol. Molar mass = 18 g mol-1. Mass = 0.5 × 18 = 9 g.