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Quiz Chapter 2: Cell Biology and Organisation

10 questions · Form 4 Biology Bab 2: Cell Biology and Organisation

Question 1 of 10Score: 0

Under unfavorable environmental conditions, how does Paramecium sp. undergo sexual reproduction?

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. Under unfavorable environmental conditions, how does Paramecium sp. undergo sexual reproduction?

  1. A. Binary fission
  2. B. Spore formation
  3. C. Conjugation
  4. D. Budding
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Answer: C

Under unfavorable conditions, Paramecium sp. reproduces sexually through conjugation to exchange genetic material.

2. If a pancreatic cell secretes insulin (a protein hormone), trace the correct pathway of insulin from synthesis to secretion.

  1. A. Ribosome → RER → Transport vesicle → Golgi apparatus → Secretory vesicle → Plasma membrane
  2. B. SER → Golgi apparatus → RER → Lysosome → Plasma membrane
  3. C. Nucleus → Lysosome → Golgi apparatus → Transport vesicle → Plasma membrane
  4. D. Ribosome → SER → Vacuole → Transport vesicle → Plasma membrane
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Answer: A

Proteins synthesized on ribosomes enter the RER, move via transport vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for processing, and are exported in secretory vesicles.

3. Which organelle is responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP during cellular respiration?

  1. A. Golgi apparatus
  2. B. Chloroplast
  3. C. Mitochondrion
  4. D. Ribosome
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Answer: C

Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration where glucose is oxidized to release ATP energy.

4. A cell requires rapid modification, packaging, and sorting of proteins into secretory vesicles. Which organelle would be highly abundant in this cell?

  1. A. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  2. B. Golgi apparatus
  3. C. Lysosome
  4. D. Centriole
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Answer: B

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins received from the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

5. In root hair cells, how does their structure facilitate water and mineral absorption from the soil?

  1. A. By possessing waxy cuticle layers
  2. B. By having long tubular projections to increase surface-area-to-volume ratio
  3. C. By having multiple nuclei to increase metabolic efficiency
  4. D. By opening and closing central pores rhythmically
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Answer: B

The long projection of root hair cells increases the surface area for efficient absorption of water and minerals.

6. Which structure is present in animal cells but absent in higher plant cells?

  1. A. Centriole
  2. B. Mitochondrion
  3. C. Plasma membrane
  4. D. Ribosome
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Answer: A

Centrioles are present in animal cells to form spindle fibers during cell division, but are absent in higher plant cells.

7. Which connective tissue in humans is responsible for storing fat and providing thermal insulation?

  1. A. Cartilage tissue
  2. B. Adipose tissue
  3. C. Epithelial tissue
  4. D. Vascular tissue
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Answer: B

Adipose tissue stores fat droplets under the skin and around organs, functioning as energy reserves and thermal insulation.

8. Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes responsible for breaking down damaged organelles or foreign bacterial invaders?

  1. A. Peroxisome
  2. B. Lysosome
  3. C. Vacuole
  4. D. Nucleolus
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Answer: B

Lysosomes store digestive hydrolytic enzymes that break down macromolecules, worn-out organelles, and pathogens.

9. Which organelle plays a primary role in synthesizing lipids, phospholipids, and steroid hormones, as well as detoxifying drugs?

  1. A. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
  2. B. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
  3. C. Ribosome
  4. D. Nucleolus
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Answer: B

The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) synthesizes lipids/steroids and performs cellular detoxification.

10. Which process allows Amoeba sp. to engulf solid food particles using pseudopodia?

  1. A. Pinocytosis
  2. B. Osmoregulation
  3. C. Phagocytosis
  4. D. Conjugation
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Answer: C

Amoeba sp. engulfs food particles by extending pseudopodia around the food in a process called phagocytosis.

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