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Quiz Chapter 2: Cell Biology and Organisation

10 questions · Form 4 Biology Bab 2: Cell Biology and Organisation

10 questions · plays in fullscreen

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes responsible for breaking down damaged organelles or foreign bacterial invaders?

  1. A. Peroxisome
  2. B. Lysosome
  3. C. Vacuole
  4. D. Nucleolus
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Answer: B

Lysosomes store digestive hydrolytic enzymes that break down macromolecules, worn-out organelles, and pathogens.

2. What structural feature of xylem vessels prevents them from collapsing under negative pressure during water transport?

  1. A. Perforated sieve plates at cross walls
  2. B. Thick, uneven cellulose walls in guard cells
  3. C. Lignin deposits on xylem vessel walls
  4. D. High concentration of chloroplasts
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Answer: C

Lignin strengthens xylem cell walls, providing mechanical support and preventing collapse during water transpiration.

3. If a pancreatic cell secretes insulin (a protein hormone), trace the correct pathway of insulin from synthesis to secretion.

  1. A. Ribosome → RER → Transport vesicle → Golgi apparatus → Secretory vesicle → Plasma membrane
  2. B. SER → Golgi apparatus → RER → Lysosome → Plasma membrane
  3. C. Nucleus → Lysosome → Golgi apparatus → Transport vesicle → Plasma membrane
  4. D. Ribosome → SER → Vacuole → Transport vesicle → Plasma membrane
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Answer: A

Proteins synthesized on ribosomes enter the RER, move via transport vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for processing, and are exported in secretory vesicles.

4. Which vascular tissue in plants consists of sieve tube elements and companion cells?

  1. A. Xylem
  2. B. Phloem
  3. C. Sclerenchyma
  4. D. Collenchyma
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Answer: B

Phloem tissue consists of sieve tubes and companion cells designed to transport organic nutrients (sucrose).

5. What is the correct sequence of organization levels in a multicellular organism, starting from the simplest level?

  1. A. Tissue → Cell → Organ → System → Organism
  2. B. Cell → Tissue → Organ → System → Organism
  3. C. Organ → System → Tissue → Cell → Organism
  4. D. Cell → Organ → Tissue → System → Organism
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Answer: B

Cells form tissues, tissues build organs, organs form systems, and systems work together as an organism.

6. A cell requires rapid modification, packaging, and sorting of proteins into secretory vesicles. Which organelle would be highly abundant in this cell?

  1. A. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  2. B. Golgi apparatus
  3. C. Lysosome
  4. D. Centriole
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Answer: B

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins received from the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

7. Which structure is present in animal cells but absent in higher plant cells?

  1. A. Centriole
  2. B. Mitochondrion
  3. C. Plasma membrane
  4. D. Ribosome
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Answer: A

Centrioles are present in animal cells to form spindle fibers during cell division, but are absent in higher plant cells.

8. Which plant cell type contains the highest density of chloroplasts and is arranged vertically beneath the upper epidermis?

  1. A. Spongy mesophyll cell
  2. B. Guard cell
  3. C. Palisade mesophyll cell
  4. D. Epidermal cell
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Answer: C

Palisade mesophyll cells are column-shaped, closely packed, and rich in chloroplasts to maximize sunlight absorption.

9. In root hair cells, how does their structure facilitate water and mineral absorption from the soil?

  1. A. By possessing waxy cuticle layers
  2. B. By having long tubular projections to increase surface-area-to-volume ratio
  3. C. By having multiple nuclei to increase metabolic efficiency
  4. D. By opening and closing central pores rhythmically
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Answer: B

The long projection of root hair cells increases the surface area for efficient absorption of water and minerals.

10. Which organelle plays a primary role in synthesizing lipids, phospholipids, and steroid hormones, as well as detoxifying drugs?

  1. A. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
  2. B. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
  3. C. Ribosome
  4. D. Nucleolus
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Answer: B

The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) synthesizes lipids/steroids and performs cellular detoxification.

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