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Quiz Chapter 15: Sexual Reproduction, Development and Growth in Humans and Animals

10 questions · Form 4 Biology Bab 14: Sexual Reproduction, Development and Growth in Humans and Animals

10 questions · plays in fullscreen

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. Which hormone is mainly responsible for repairing and rebuilding the endometrial lining of the uterus following menstruation?

  1. A. Progesterone
  2. B. Estrogen
  3. C. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
  4. D. Oxytocin
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Answer: B

Estrogen secreted by developing ovarian follicles promotes vascular growth and tissue repair of the endometrium during the proliferative phase.

2. During the menstrual cycle, what structural entity secretes high amounts of progesterone after ovulation occurs?

  1. A. Primary follicle
  2. B. Corpus luteum
  3. C. Anterior pituitary gland
  4. D. Endometrial lining
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Answer: B

After releasing the oocyte, the ruptured Graafian follicle transforms into the yellow corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone.

3. In males, which cell type located in the seminiferous tubules provides metabolic support and nourishment to developing spermatids?

  1. A. Leydig cells
  2. B. Sertoli cells
  3. C. Spermatogonia
  4. D. Interstitial cells
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Answer: B

Sertoli cells (nurse cells) line the seminiferous tubules and supply essential nutrients to developing sperm cells.

4. What is the primary role of the fluid inside the amniotic sac surrounding the developing foetus?

  1. A. Providing metabolic nutrients directly for fetal digestion
  2. B. Acting as a shock absorber to cushion the foetus against physical impact
  3. C. Oxygenating fetal red blood cells
  4. D. Transporting maternal hormones directly into the umbilical cord
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Answer: B

Amniotic fluid protects the foetus from mechanical injury, allows free physical movement, and helps maintain body temperature.

5. How many functional mature ova are produced from a single primary oocyte at the completion of oogenesis?

  1. A. 4
  2. B. 2
  3. C. 1
  4. D. 8
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Answer: C

Oogenesis produces only 1 functional, nutrient-rich ovum along with 3 tiny polar bodies that degenerate.

6. Which structural feature of the umbilical cord carries oxygenated blood and nutrients from the placenta to the foetus?

  1. A. Two umbilical arteries
  2. B. One umbilical vein
  3. C. Two umbilical veins
  4. D. One umbilical artery
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Answer: B

The single umbilical vein transports oxygen-rich blood and nutrient supply from the placenta directly to the developing foetus.

7. At what stage of cell division is the secondary oocyte held prior to successful fertilization by a sperm?

  1. A. Prophase I
  2. B. Anaphase I
  3. C. Metaphase II
  4. D. Telophase II
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Answer: C

During oogenesis, the secondary oocyte starts Meiosis II but pauses at Metaphase II until fertilization triggers completion.

8. What is the primary role of the acrosome located at the head of a mature sperm cell?

  1. A. Producing ATP for flagellar propulsion
  2. B. Containing hydrolytic enzymes to digest the outer protective layer of the oocyte
  3. C. Storing genetic material in haploid form
  4. D. Binding nutrients from seminal plasma
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Answer: B

The acrosome contains digestive enzymes (such as hyaluronidase) that break down the corona radiata and zona pellucida surrounding the secondary oocyte.

9. Which structure connects the embryo to the placenta and houses blood vessels for exchange?

  1. A. Amniotic sac
  2. B. Umbilical cord
  3. C. Chorionic villi
  4. D. Allantois
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Answer: B

The umbilical cord links the fetal abdomen to the placenta, carrying umbilical arteries and veins.

10. What main event occurs during the stationary phase of a classic sigmoid growth curve?

  1. A. Rate of cell division equals the rate of cell death, resulting in zero net growth.
  2. B. Organisms experience rapid increase in biomass.
  3. C. Organisms begin active shedding of outer cuticles.
  4. D. Total cell death rate far exceeds new cell formation.
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Answer: A

In the stationary phase, overall growth reaches equilibrium as cell division rate balances cell mortality.

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