10 questions · Form 3 Science Bab 7: Energy and Power
A $1 kg$ rock is dropped from rest from a height of $20 m$. What is its kinetic energy right before it hits the ground? (Ignore air resistance, $g = 10 m s-2$)
Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.
1. A $1 kg$ rock is dropped from rest from a height of $20 m$. What is its kinetic energy right before it hits the ground? (Ignore air resistance, $g = 10 m s-2$)
Answer: C
Gain in Kinetic Energy = Loss in Gravitational Potential Energy = $mgh = 1 × 10 × 20 = 200 J$.
2. Using conservation of energy, calculate the velocity of a $0.5 kg$ ball dropped from a height of $5 m$ just before hitting the floor ($g = 10 m s-2$).
Answer: A
$mgh = 12 m v2 arrow v = √2gh = √(2 × 10 × 5) = √100 = 10 m s-1$.
3. A worker pushes a crate with a constant horizontal force of $50 N$ across a smooth floor over a distance of $4 m$. How much work is done by the worker?
Answer: C
Work $W = F × s = 50 N × 4 m = 200 J$.
4. A student weighing $450 N$ climbs a staircase of vertical height $4 m$ in $6 seconds$. What is the useful power generated by the student?
Answer: B
Work $W = F × s = 450 N × 4 m = 1800 J$. Power $P = 18006 = 300 W$.
5. Why does a bouncing rubber ball eventually stop bouncing after being dropped from a height?
Answer: B
Total energy is conserved, but mechanical kinetic/potential energy transforms into non-mechanical forms (heat, sound) during each impact and through air resistance.
6. A simple pendulum swings back and forth between points A, B, and C (where B is the lowest point). At which position is its kinetic energy at a MAXIMUM?
Answer: B
At the lowest position (B), gravitational potential energy is converted entirely into kinetic energy, reaching maximum speed.
7. What is the formula used to calculate the kinetic energy ($E_k$) of a moving object?
Answer: C
Kinetic energy of a mass $m$ moving at speed $v$ is given by $E_k = 12 m v2$.
8. In which of the following scenarios is NO work done according to physics definition?
Answer: B
Work requires displacement in the direction of applied force ($W = F × s$). Since displacement is zero ($s = 0$), no work is done.
9. What happens to the potential energy of a roller coaster cart as it descends down a steep track slope?
Answer: B
As height decreases, gravitational potential energy decreases while converting directly into kinetic energy (speeding up the coaster).
10. If the speed ($v$) of a moving vehicle is DOUBLED, how does its kinetic energy change?
Answer: C
Since $E_k \propto v2$, doubling the velocity increases kinetic energy by $(2)2 = 4$ times.