10 questions ยท Form 2 Science Bab 4: Human Health
Why is active immunity generally longer-lasting than passive immunity?
Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.
1. Why is active immunity generally longer-lasting than passive immunity?
Answer: B
Active immunity stimulates the body's immune system to generate memory lymphocytes that retain the ability to produce targeted antibodies for years.
2. A newborn baby acquires antibodies through its mother's breast milk. What type of immunity is this?
Answer: C
Receiving pre-formed antibodies naturally through colostrum or breast milk provides natural passive immunity.
3. A person bitten by a venomous snake is immediately injected with antivenom containing ready-made antibodies. What form of immunity is this?
Answer: A
Injecting manufactured antiserum/antibodies directly into a patient provides immediate protection via artificial passive immunity.
4. What is the primary mechanism utilized by the second line of defence to neutralize pathogens?
Answer: B
The second line of defence uses non-specific white blood cells (phagocytes) to perform phagocytosis, engulfing and destroying pathogens.
5. Leptospirosis (rat urine fever) is primarily transmitted through water or soil contaminated by which vector?
Answer: B
Rats act as the primary host vector for *Leptospira* bacteria, shedding the pathogen through their urine.
6. Which fungal infection is transmitted via direct skin contact or sharing personal items like towels?
Answer: B
Ringworm (and tinea) is a fungal skin infection spread through direct physical contact or shared personal hygiene items.
7. What does a vaccine injected into a person during artificial active immunisation contain?
Answer: B
Vaccines contain dead, weakened, or fragmented pathogens that trigger the immune system to produce its own antibodies without causing the full-blown disease.
8. Which disease is transmitted via water contaminated with Vibrio cholerae bacteria?
Answer: B
Cholera is a waterborne disease caused by ingesting water or food contaminated with *Vibrio cholerae*.
9. Which of the following diseases is classified as non-infectious?
Answer: C
Diabetes mellitus is caused by genetic factors or lifestyle habits (lack of insulin production/sensitivity) and cannot be transmitted between people.
10. Which action helps break the transmission chain of waterborne infectious diseases?
Answer: B
Boiling water kills pathogens like *Vibrio cholerae* and *Salmonella typhi*, preventing waterborne infection.