Quiz Chapter 3: Coordination and Response

1. Process by which plants lose water vapor through open stomata into the atmosphere is called:

1. Respiration
2. Photosynthesis
3. Transpiration
4. Osmosis

2. What change in metabolic rate occurs when human body temperature drops below normal?

1. Metabolic rate decreases to save energy
2. Metabolic rate increases to produce additional heat energy
3. Metabolic rate drops to zero immediately
4. Metabolic rate stays identical regardless of temperature

3. What physiological response occurs in human skin when body temperature rises above normal?

1. Erector muscles contract to raise body hair
2. Blood vessels constrict to reduce surface blood flow
3. Sweat glands secrete sweat to facilitate evaporative cooling
4. Skeletal muscles contract rapidly causing shivering

4. What is the primary role of hair standing upright when erector muscles contract in cold weather?

1. Allows sweat to evaporate faster
2. Traps a layer of stationary warm air above the skin
3. Reflects cold sunlight away from the skin
4. Increases surface area for heat radiation

5. Which animal behavior aids cooling through saliva evaporation on its tongue?

1. A lizard hiding in a burrow
2. A dog panting with its tongue hanging out
3. A bird fluffing its feathers
4. A snake basking on a warm rock

6. What is the primary scientific term for the maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism?

1. Metabolism
2. Transpiration
3. Homeostasis
4. Photosynthesis

7. How does a cold-blooded animal like a reptile regulate its body temperature?

1. By sweating profusely through specialized skin pores
2. By behavioral means such as basking in sunlight or seeking shade
3. By shivering continuously throughout the night
4. By altering its metabolic rate using sweat glands

8. What happens to human skeletal muscles during exposure to severe cold?

1. They relax completely to conserve glycogen
2. They contract and relax rapidly (shivering) to generate heat
3. They produce sweat to warm up the skin
4. They absorb excess oxygen from the surrounding air

9. Which cell structure directly controls the opening and closing of a stomatal pore in plant leaves?

1. Epidermal cells
2. Guard cells
3. Xylem vessels
4. Spongy mesophyll cells

10. Why is homeostasis vital for cellular enzyme function in the human body?

1. Enzymes function best under stable temperature and pH conditions
2. Enzymes are destroyed when water levels increase slightly
3. Enzymes only operate when body temperature reaches 50°C
4. Enzymes convert water into carbon dioxide directly