Quiz Chapter 3: Coordination and Response

1. What effect does vasodilation (dilation of blood vessels) near the skin surface have on the body?

1. Decreases blood flow to conserve heat
2. Increases blood flow to release heat into the surroundings
3. Prevents sweating from occurring
4. Triggers rapid shivering of skeletal muscles

2. Process by which plants lose water vapor through open stomata into the atmosphere is called:

1. Respiration
2. Photosynthesis
3. Transpiration
4. Osmosis

3. What is the primary scientific term for the maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism?

1. Metabolism
2. Transpiration
3. Homeostasis
4. Photosynthesis

4. Which hormone is released by the brain to increase water reabsorption in the kidneys during dehydration?

1. Insulin
2. Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
3. Adrenaline
4. Thyroxine

5. What happens to human skeletal muscles during exposure to severe cold?

1. They relax completely to conserve glycogen
2. They contract and relax rapidly (shivering) to generate heat
3. They produce sweat to warm up the skin
4. They absorb excess oxygen from the surrounding air

6. What happens to blood vessels near the skin surface when a person is exposed to a cold environment?

1. They dilate to release extra heat
2. They constrict to minimize heat loss through radiation
3. They rupture to increase metabolic rate
4. They remain unchanged

7. What is the primary role of hair standing upright when erector muscles contract in cold weather?

1. Allows sweat to evaporate faster
2. Traps a layer of stationary warm air above the skin
3. Reflects cold sunlight away from the skin
4. Increases surface area for heat radiation

8. What change occurs to human urine when a person drinks very little water after intense exercise?

1. Urine becomes large in volume and pale yellow
2. Urine becomes small in volume and concentrated (dark yellow)
3. Urine becomes completely clear like pure water
4. Urine production increases significantly

9. What physiological response occurs in human skin when body temperature rises above normal?

1. Erector muscles contract to raise body hair
2. Blood vessels constrict to reduce surface blood flow
3. Sweat glands secrete sweat to facilitate evaporative cooling
4. Skeletal muscles contract rapidly causing shivering

10. Why do guard cells close stomata during periods of extreme heat or drought?

1. To increase rate of photosynthesis
2. To prevent excessive water loss via transpiration
3. To absorb more carbon dioxide
4. To release stored oxygen rapidly